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Lucius Verus (r. 161-169 AD), born Lucius Ceionius Commodus, was the son of Lucius Aelius Caesar and Avidia. He was the adoptive son of Antoninus Pius and co-ruled with Marcus Aurelius.
He was succeeded by Commodus (r. 180-192 AD), who was then succeeded by Pertinax (r. 193 AD).
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Marcus Aurelius (r. 161-180 AD), born Marcus Annius Catilius Severus, was the son of Marcus Annius Verus and Domitia Lucilla. He was the adoptive son of Antoninus Pius.
He was succeeded by Lucius Verus (r. 161-169 AD), who was then succeeded by Commodus (r. 180-192 AD).
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Alexander (d. 49 BC) was the son of Aristobulus II. His paternal grandparents were Alexander Jannaeus (r. 103-76 BC) and Salome Alexandra (r. 76-67 BC).
The Hasmonean civil war was a succession war fought in Judea between Hyrcanus II (r. 67-66 BC, 63-40 BC) and Aristobulus II (r. 66-63 BC), over the Hasmonean crown.
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Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161 AD), born Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus, was the son of Titus Aurelius Fulvus and Arria Fadilla. He was the adoptive son of Hadrian and Vibia Sabina.
He was succeeded by Marcus Aurelius (r. 161-180 AD), who was then succeeded by Lucius Verus (r. 161-169 AD).
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Hadrian (r. 117-138 AD), born Publius Aelius Hadrianus, was the son of Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer and Domitia Paulina Major. He was the adoptive son of Trajan.
He was succeeded by Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161 AD), who was then succeeded by Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161 AD)
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The Mithridatic War was a conflict fought between the Roman Republic and Mithridates VI Eupator (r. 120-63 BC) of Pontus. His father, Mithridates V Euergetes' (r. 150-120 BC), reforms and policies triggered the Maccabean Revolt (c. 167-160 BC).
Mithridates VI incorporated the Kingdom of Cappadocia by marrying his sister, Berenice or Laodice of Cappadocia, to King Ariarathes VI (r. 130-116 BC).
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Trajan (r. 98-117 AD), born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, was the son of Marcus Ulpius Traianus and Marcia. He was the adoptive son of Nerva.
H was succeeded by Hadrian (r. 117-138 AD), who was then succeeded by Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161 AD).
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Alexander (r. 35-7 BC) of Judea was the son of Herod the Great and Mariamne I.
His wife was Glaphyra. She was the daughter of Archelaus of Cappadocia and related to the Herodian Dynasty by her first and third marriages to Alexander and Herod Archelaus (4 BC - 6 AD), both sons of Herod I. Glaphyra was became a Queen of Mauretania by her second marriage to King Juba II (r. 30-25 BC), a Berber prince from Numidia.
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Mariamne III was the daughter of Aristobulus IV and Berenice. Her husbands were Antipater II (c. 46 BC - 4 AD) and Herod Archelaus (4 BC - 6 AD).
Her mother's second husband, Theudion, was the brother of Herod’s first wife, Doris… mother of Antipater II (c. 46 BC - 4 AD) of Judea.
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In this week's Notable People in History newsletter, we’ll take a look at the life of Gedaliah (c. 586 BC), son of Ahikam. He was appointed governor over the people Nebuchadnezzar II (r. 605-562 BC) of Babylon had left in Judah.
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When Salome Alexandra died, she named her eldest son, Hyrcanus II as her successor. He and his brother, Aristobulus II, began fighting over who had the right to the Judean throne.
Salome I (c. 4 BC - 10 AD), sister of Herod I, accused Mariamne I of committing adultery with Joseph, Herod’s uncle and brother-in-law.